Abstract
Climatology of the extreme heavy precipitation events in Slovakia in the 1951–2020 period
Highlights
Current changes in the global climate system, which are strongly correlated to the ongoing human-caused climate change, have an undeniable impact on the mean state of the climate
In Slovakia, general studies have been previously published that dealt with multi-day precipitation totals (Lapin at al. 2004; Stehlová et al, 2001; Jurčová et al, 2002; Gaál and Lapin, 2002) these studies using shorter time series of daily precipitation were mostly very localized and due to the limited number of precipitation stations with processed maximum multiday precipitation totals and time-consuming process of obtaining this data, only limited set of precipitation stations with authentic data has been used in the analysis
Mean value of the maximum precipitation totals from the complete set of 486 precipitation stations used as a measure to detect the occurrence of the spatially significant precipitation events reached its highest values within the May– October period
Summary
Current changes in the global climate system, which are strongly correlated to the ongoing human-caused climate change, have an undeniable impact on the mean state of the climate. Long-term increase of the global temperature well expressed in the Arctic and Polar regions of the oceans in the Northern hemisphere can be directly linked to the continually diminishing sea ice areas (Bintanja et al, 2013; Vihma, 2014) It is very likely, that the rise in the ocean surface temperature in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean affects the dynamics of atmospheric flows and the processes of genesis, vertical and horizontal dimensions, stability, and patterns of movement of lowand high-pressure areas. Warner (2018) proposes that there is a strong positive correlation between the October sea ice extent and the DJF (December – January – February) values of the NAO index (North Atlantic index) This can, via presupposed stratospheric path, impact the strength of the polar stratospheric vortex, to cause its weakening, which is subsequently manifested in the troposphere by weakening of zonal winds and more pronounced meandering the jet stream. Our spatiotemporal climatological analysis of the extreme heavy precipitation events in Slovakia is constructed as a causal analysis of relationships between spatially localized tropospheric circulation, defined by the Czechoslovak catalogue of the typified synoptic situations
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