Climatic analysis of drought and its impact on the vegetation cover in the district of Heet using geographic information systems

Abstract

The research concluded that the drought in the study area was clear, as the moderately dry variety ranked first with a total of (33) repetitions, then came the moderately humid variety with a frequency of (32) repetitions, while the very, very dry and very very wet cultivars were the lowest. Repeatedly, it reached (1, 3) repetitions for each of them, respectively, and the change of rainfall in the Heet station, which is the highest change among the rest of the studied stations, as the change during the study period reached (-40.92 mm), while the Ramadi station was the least changeable, as The change in rainfall during the study period at that station was (-3.135 mm). As for the vegetation cover, it was found through the research that the category of weak vegetation cover recorded a clear variation, as the highest area was during the year (2009) when it reached (6160.5) square kilometers, with a rate of (78.4)%, and this indicates that this year is the driest among the The years studied, while the year (2018) was the least of the years, as the area of this class amounted to (2612.9) square kilometers, with a rate of (33.3%). As for the very dense vegetation category, which is the highest degree of vegetation cover, it had the highest area during the year (2018), when it reached ( 426.8) km 2, with a rate of (5.4)%, and this indicates that this year is the most humid among the study years, which