Abstract
The knowledge of the climatic characteristics of the hydrographic basins, especially regarding the temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall, the relative humidity of the air and the maximum, minimum and average temperatures of the air, which offer important subsidies to the management of water resources and agriculture. The irregular distribution of rainfall indicates instability in the entry of water into the hydrological system, exercising control over water availability in time and space, the relative humidity of the air influences animal and plant behaviors and the amount of water available in the atmosphere. The temperature, on the other hand, influences the evapotranspiration rates, indicating the energy availability of the environment and, consequently, the environmental water demand. The work presents characteristics of the hydrographic basin of the Uruçuí Preto River (BHRUP), in terms of rainfall, relative humidity, temperature, climatological water balance and climatic regimes. The graphs of annual behavior and seasonal regimes elaborated for 25 pluviometric stations distributed in the interior and around the basin, most of them in operation since the 1960s, followed by the elaboration of average isoietas charts and the one of the rainiest semester, relative humidity of the air, isotherms of the maximum, minimum and average temperatures, and of the letters of potential evapotranspiration, real evaporation and water deficit. The climatic types were appreciated due to the influence of the habitual behavior of the atmosphere on the potential and real environmental demand for water and also on the anthropic demand. The Thornthwaite (1948, 1953) climate system was used, based on the comparison between potential evapotranspiration and rainfall.
Highlights
Climatic variations intervene in the availability and dependence of water, conditioning the event of critical situations for society and for the environment
In accordance with COMDEPI (2002), the hydrographic basin of the Uruçuí Preto River shows a unique set of forms of regional relief, dominated by the tabular-plateau and plateau forms, characteristic of the sub-horizontal sedimentary rocks
3.1 Rainfall The precipitation regime that comprises the area of the hydrographic basin of the Uruçui Preto River (BHRUP), located in the southern region of the state's precipitation regime, falls within the range of the isoeites from 478.7 to 1,413.3 mm, with a precipitation annual average around 916 mm
Summary
Climatic variations intervene in the availability and dependence of water, conditioning the event of critical situations for society and for the environment. Afterwards, finding favorable conditions, it returns to the solid or liquid state inside the atmosphere itself, or in some other point on the surface, in general, very distant from the place where it originated For all these reasons, the concentration of water vapor in the air is quite variable, both in space and in time. With the development and expansion of agriculture and livestock, large land areas are being used for the aforementioned purposes, and do not take into account some meteorological elements that can minimize the occurrences of damage from anomalous effects that may happen It is characterized by the high atmospheric moisture content, as a consequence of large flows of water vapor into the atmosphere, due to the high rates of evapotranspiration. The factors that provoke rain in the studied area are the formation of lines of instability carried by the trade winds from the Southeast/Northeast, heat exchange, traces of cold fronts during their most active penetrations, formation of convective clusters, orography, training contributions cyclonic vortexes and local effects are factors that increase the transport of water vapor and humidity and the cloud cover
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