Abstract
Study regionThe eastern flank of the 4km Rwenzori Mountains and the Mobuku catchment 0.25-0.4N, 29.85-30.1E are the geographic area for detailed analysis. Research focusHydro-climate variability is studied using high resolution satellite- and model- assimilated products in the period 1980-2023. The Mobuku catchment receives rainfall of 3-6mm/day which generates an eastward discharge of 100 m3/s that declines rapidly downstream, thereby limiting hydro-power availability. New insightsLong-term trends in cloud fraction and potential evaporation reveal a tendency for drying associated with increasing easterly winds, subsidence near the mountain top, and warming of +.04C/year that is melting glaciers. These constrain runoff on the eastern flank of the Rwenzori Mountains. Low river flows in Dec-Mar correspond with dry air intrusions from the northeast. High river flows in Jul-Nov are modulated by sea temperatures in the Indian Ocean that oscillate east-west at ~3 year interval. Improved understanding of climate variability will contribute to better management of Uganda’s hydro-power resources.
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