Abstract
Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is an arboviral infectious disease that has occurred frequently as an extraordinary event due to its fast spread and lethal potential in Indonesia. The vector Aedes aegypti is sensitive to climate variability. This study determines the relationship between climate variability and dengue hemorrhagic fever in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia from 2009 to 2017. Subject and Method: This study used the monthly dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence obtained from the Surabaya Health Office and the monthly climate variability parameters (average temperature, rainfall, humidity) obtained from the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics and website www.worldweatheronline.com. Data analysis was done using One-Sample Kolmogorov Smirnov Test and Spearman non-parametric correlation test. Results: The results showed a correlation between all three climate variability parameters with dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence (average temperature p<0.05, r=-0.603; rainfall p<0.05, r=0.407; humidity p<0.05, r=0.7). Conclusion: Average temperature is negatively correlated to dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence, while rainfall and humidity are positively correlated to dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence. This study shows preliminary evidence on the correlation of climate variability and dengue hemorrhagic fever in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.
Highlights
Dengue fever (DF), an infectious disease, and its more severe manifestation dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are the fastest emerging arboviral infectious disease in tropical and subtropical countries and have become a major public health concern globally
Our findings showed that DHF incidence fluctuated according to the seasonality patterns of Indonesia
The results showed that the rainfall trend pattern was almost similar to the trend pattern of DHF incidence in Surabaya
Summary
Dengue fever (DF), an infectious disease, and its more severe manifestation dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are the fastest emerging arboviral infectious disease in tropical and subtropical countries and have become a major public health concern globally. It is estimated 2.5 billion people are at risk of dengue infection, while an estimated 50 million dengue infections occur worldwide with 500 thousand people requiring hospitalization for DHF annually [1]. Surabaya was recorded as the province with the highest DHF incidence rate in East Java back in 2012 [3], with very high coping range index (CRI) levels in 2007-2009 and 2011-2012 [5]
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