Climate Risks and Environmental Determinants on Dengue transmission

Abstract

Currently, dengue hemorrhagic fever is still a health problems in many countries. Many factors are play role on the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Moreover, transmission of dengue hemorrhagic fever are related to the existence of Aedes mosquitoes that are sensitive by climate. This study was to determine the impact of climatic and environmental factors on dengue transmission. This study was a cross-sectional study in both high and low subdistrict with dengue cases in Medan over period of August-September 2016. In this study, larval inspection was conducted on 100 households to determine larvae positive container and larval density. Climatic data such as rainfall, rainy days, temperature maximum, minimum and average temperature, and humidity as well as dengue cases data were collected from Meteorological Departments and Distric Health Office, respectively over periode January 2014-July 2016. Data were analyzed using regression approach. The result showed that unavailability of garbage dump and presence of positive larvae container as well as the number of rainy days, average temperature and maximum temperature are play role on the transmission of dengue hemorrhagic fever. It was recommended that provision of garbage dump and health promotion to eliminate breeding places for Aedes are crucial to prevent Aedes transmission. Furthermore, climatic factors were necessary to be integrated in the national control program to strengthen the dengue surveillance and control program.