Abstract
The topic of climate gentrification has been receiving increasing attention in both peer-reviewed literature and in popular discourse. Climate gentrification refers to the ways that climate impacts and adaptations may contribute to changes in community characteristics and potential displacement of vulnerable residents through changes in property values. Here, we conduct a review of the current literature on climate gentrification in order to understand methods and key themes, identify research gaps, and guide future research. Our search yielded a total of 12 relevant articles, beginning in 2018. After reviewing these articles, we identified several key methodological gaps including the lack of participatory methods, limited availability of longitudinal data, difficulty defining and measuring displacement, and challenges surrounding causality. We suggest that future work on climate gentrification should draw from Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS) theory to further understand the complex feedbacks that exist in climate gentrification dynamics. To guide future research, we propose a framework as a CHAN that highlights the multi-spatial, multi-temporal, and multi-faceted dimensions of climate gentrification.
Highlights
It is well-established that the impacts of climate change are poised to disproportionately impact groups of people that have less adaptive capacity and have contributed the least to the problem, and this is true within cities (Schlosberg and Collins, 2014; Anguelovski et al, 2019; Rice et al, 2020)
It provides a model for “the pathways by which climate change could operate to impact geographies and property markets whose inferior or superior qualities for supporting the built environment are subject to a descriptive theory known as ‘Climate Gentrification”’ (Keenan et al, 2018)
We identify typologies of climate gentrification and how they connect to Keenan’s three pathways, demonstrating how these definitions are connected within the literature (Figure 1)
Summary
It is well-established that the impacts of climate change are poised to disproportionately impact groups of people that have less adaptive capacity and have contributed the least to the problem, and this is true within cities (Schlosberg and Collins, 2014; Anguelovski et al, 2019; Rice et al, 2020). Though there are varying definitions, climate gentrification is the idea that climate impacts and adaptations may contribute to differences in property value (Flavelle, 2016; Bolstad, 2018; Keenan et al, 2018). In this way, climate change may interact with gentrification by creating and reinforcing pathways of displacement due to economic, physical, and social upgrading (Slater, 2006; Lees et al, 2013). It has been suggested that climate gentrification is already occurring in several cities in the U.S (Flavelle, 2016; Milman, 2018; Zanzilotti, 2018; Benson, 2019)
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