Abstract
Abstract Demonstration plots (demo plots) have been used as participatory research methods to conduct Climate Field Schools (CFS) with farmers from May to October 2018. CFS aimed at improving the adaptive capacities of the farmers and obtaining appropriate technologies to be adopted in the two villages of Ciganjeng and Rawaapu. The demo plots were set up with a different treatment of organic manure (T1 = 10 ton ha−1 of cattle compost; T2 = 10 ton ha−1 of cattle compost + 10 ton ha−1 of Azolla pinnata; and T3 = 10 ton ha−1 of cattle compost + 2 ton ha−1 of Sesbania rostrata) and different rice varieties. The farmers were fully responsible for the monitoring of the parameters (e.g., plant height, number of tillers, and grain yield). The demo plots results revealed that the application of organic manure T2 has increased the soil C and N content by 64.6 and 40.00%, respectively, and rice yield by 27.8% compared to neighboring plots using inorganic fertilizers. The Mendawak variety at both CFS locations showed better performance compared to the other varieties. Moreover, the capacity of the research farmers involved in the CFS has been increased by 52.74% with a gain factor of 0.42 in Ciganjeng and 41.23% with a gain factor of 0.39 in Rawaapu moderately based on pretest and posttest results. It is concluded from the research process that farmers who built up their capacity on on-farm show a high level of confidence and can convey comprehensive information to other farmers.
Highlights
Climate change is one of the natural phenomena where there are changes in the value of climate elements naturally and accelerated due to human activities on the face of the earth
There is no longer a debate about the existence of climate change, but it has become a common problem between communities, between agencies, between countries, and even globally to get serious handling (Prayoga et al 2020)
Ciganjeng has an altitude of 12 masl, while Rawaapu has an altitude of 4 masl (Rostini et al 2018)
Summary
Climate change is one of the natural phenomena where there are changes in the value of climate elements naturally and accelerated due to human activities on the face of the earth. Consequences of climate change are global warming, increasing climate variability, and more frequent and more severe weather events affecting people’s livelihood, in vulnerable areas, such as tropical Asia; one of them is Indonesia (Asian Development Bank 2017). Indonesia is an archipelago consisting of 17,480 islands It has a coastline of 91,000 km and is home to around 267 million people (around 50–60% of the population live along the coastal zone) predominantly depending on agriculture. The changing frequency and intensity in rainfall, the increase in temperature, and the rise of sea levels have significantly contributed to a decline in rice productivity. The decrease in rainfall and the increase in overall temperatures can lead to soil erosion. Soil erosion leads to sediment and runoff of clay, humus, This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution
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