Abstract
The history of past climatic conditions is reviewed, including the major climatic changes associated with the ice ages and interglacials and the comparatively slight but nevertheless economically important climate fluctuations of the last few hundred years. The character of the earth's climate system and interaction between its components are explained. The causative factors, some well established and others still speculative, for the past climatic fluctuations are discussed. The factors which affect the climate on a monthly and seasonal basis and cause departures from “normal” conditions are mentioned, and the difficulties associated with attempts to predict these departures in advance are noted. Finally, the likelihood of climate change in the future is discussed.
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