Climate change perceptions, impacts on the catches, and adaptation practices of the small-scale fishermen in Togo's coastal area

Abstract

Many indigenous people and local communities in coastal Togo depend on fisheries for food and livelihoods. Already threatened by over-exploitation and other challenges, climate change also affects fishery resources. Adaptations are key strategies to reduce the negative impacts of climate change on the fishery but are unlikely to be effective without understanding the fishermen's perception of the extent of this phenomenon. This paper explores fishermen's knowledge and perceptions of climate change and their adaptations in response to the perceived impacts. We assessed fishermen's opinions of how recent variations in climate affected their catches. Using semi-structured questionnaires, we surveyed by interviewing randomly selected 112 marine capture small-scale fishermen in the Togolese coastal area from June 1 to July 30, 2022. The results indicate that most fishermen notice changes in many aspects used as key indicators of climate change that directly affect their fishing activities. Fishermen perceived that the climate had changed in recent years and they were negatively impacted. Interviewees reported average higher temperatures, a rise of the sea level, strong wind, and erratic rainfall. Diversification of the economic activities, Changes in the fishing ground, Knowledge of weather up-to-date information, and Time fishing adjustment were given as their major adaptation strategies. Most respondents expressed a desire to adopt other behaviors that are more responsible by receiving more training on climate change risks and sustainable fisheries management. However, the lack of financial assets, tools, and other technologies makes them vulnerable to coping promptly and efficiently with climate change and other natural disasters that threaten their activity and livelihoods.