Abstract
The chromosomal polymorphism present in populations of seveal species of Drosophila could be related with changes in time or ecological parameter. The aim of this work is to evaluate the long-term effect of climatic changes on the frequencies of D. pseudoobscura chromosomal arrangements. The population studied is located in a forest near Tulancingo, M?xico, the chromosomal analysis has been studied for more than 35 years. The relative frequencies found in that period were used to evaluate the changes. The climatic data of the National Meteorological Service were gather for the period from 1974 to 2011. A multiple analysis of variance was use to analyze the relationship between the changes in the chromosomal arrangement frequencies and the different climatic variables (maximum and minimum temperature, evaporation and pluvial precipitation). Results showed a significant correlation of several chromosome gene arrangements with one or more hydro-climatic variables modifying the genetic structure of the natural population. Comparisons with other populations shown and allow the establishment of the effect of climate change on the genetic structure of natural populations.
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