Climate Change and Potato Cultivation: A Geographical Shift and Its Implications

Abstract

This research scrutinizes the shifting geographical trends in potato cultivation and its relation to climate change. Our study leverages historical FAO data and employs an analytical lens to assess the divergent patterns of potato production between the European Union and regions including Asia, South America, and Africa. Focusing on temperature and precipitation as critical climatic factors, we discovered that these elements can considerably limit potato cultivation in warmer countries and significantly affect yields in temperate regions. Our findings corroborate the notion that climate change could result in diminished potato yields due to increased temperature and unfavorable water supply. Furthermore, it was observed that potato growth is adversely affected by higher temperatures and suboptimal water conditions, influencing plant development, leaf senescence, tuber growth, and ultimately, yield. Interestingly, our research also unveils a potential solution: the advent of drought-tolerant potato varieties and water-saving tillage technologies, which could help farmers adapt to these climatic changes. These findings underscore the urgent need for continued research in the development of climate-resilient crops and agricultural practices to ensure future food security.