Abstract
The plant Clerodendrum serratum (L.) Moon has been traditionally claimed for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, hence in the present study the effect of the crude ethanolic extract (CSEE) from leaves of the plant and its chloroform fraction (CSCF) were evaluated in acute and chronic arthritic model. Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed for CSEE and chloroform fraction (CSCF). Formaldehyde (2%v/v), turpentine oil emulsion (10%v/v) and complete freund's adjuvant (CFA) were injected intraplantar in left hind paw of wistar albino rats. Paw swelling, body weight, serum enzyme markers, hematological parameters and histopathological analysis were observed in arthritic control group, extract and fraction treated groups. Phytochemical screening signified the presence of carbohydrates, steroids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic compounds and flavonoids in CSEE and in CSCF. The plant extract and chloroform fraction possesses dose dependent antiarthritic effect in acute and CFA induced arthritic model by normalizing the level of serum enzyme biomarkers, hematological, body weight abnormalities and also amended the histopathological changes when compare to arthritic control group. Moreover, quantification of β-sitosterol was done by HPTLC technique in CSCF and the percentage area was found to be 18.57% (w/w). HPTLC fingerprinting of CSEE and CSCF revealed presence of various phytochemical constituents. The observations confirmed that the ethanolic extract and its chloroform fraction of leaves of Clerodendrum serratum (L.) Moon exhibits anti-arthritic potential. • The current study highlighted on phytochemical analysis and anti-arthritic activity of ethanolic extract and its chloroform fraction of leaves of Clerodendrum serratum (L.) Moon. • β-sitosterol was detected in chloroform fraction as marker compound through HPTLC. • The chloroform fraction showed remarkable anti-arthritic effect in CFA induced arthritic model. • This finding thus scientifically supports the traditional claim of the plant for the treatment of arthritis.
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