Abstract
An atomic force microscopy (AFM) study of the cleavage faces of CaF 2, SrF 2 and BaF 2 is presented. On the CaF 2(111) surface the elementary cleavage structure with cleavage tips has been imaged. The step heights have been determined to be multiples of 0.31 nm, the projection length of the Burgers vector of the primary glide system. Atomic resolution has been achieved in step-free regions of cleavage faces. The hexagonal surface lattice with spacings of 0.38 nm corresponds to the unreconstructed bulk lattice. The {111} surfaces of SrF 2 and BaF 2 are characterized by a low density of parallel cleavage steps; cleavage tips are not observed. On SrF 2 surfaces the formation of erosive holes has been documented by AFM.
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