CLEANING OF WATER RADIOACTIVE SOLUTIONS FROM RADIONUCLIDES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SORPTION DISPERSION MINERALS AND THEIR IMMOBILIZATION

Abstract

The article is aimed at a solution of the environmental problems of nuclear energy, in particular methods of wastewater treatment of the nuclear and radiochemical industry, as well as the natural aquatic environment from radioactive isotopes. The proposed method of radioactive effluent cleaning is based on the use of natural mineral sorbents with high specific surface attained by partial cleavage of minerals by chemical, mechanical, hydrodynamic, electrodynamics, plasma, or cavitations method − partly to the nanoscale. The described method allows the article to reduce the environmental tensions over nuclear energy with minimal material costs for radioactive effluent cleaning in connection with the use of common natural minerals as initial materials for the sorbent manufacture. The possibility of radioactive effluent purification with high salt background and containing impurities in the form of organic and mineral oils in the form of surface?active substances is proved. Besides, the method of distillation residue evaporation which one holds in the presence of oxidant aeroions at preliminary brought in a mud nonstructural sorbent affected by natural aluminum silicate is stated in the paper. It is demonstrated in the paper that except for sorption of radionuclide's nonstructural sorbent, it possesses the capacity to sorb high-gravity metals, salts, borates, and other toxic matter and to execute the function of the astringent materials.