Cleaning of meliorative channels using various types of work equipment machines

Abstract

The article describes zones with a predominant type of melioration depending on the territorial location of the land being improved. It provides a brief classification of channels based on their structural features, cross-sectional shape, flow capacity, and technical and operational characteristics. Channels are the main elements of meliorative systems. Ensuring the quality of channel operation with the required flow capacity guarantees the effective operation of the entire meliorative system. The typical deformations of channels that arise during operation are described, as well as factors that affect their flow capacity, such as sedimentation, siltation, and vegetation growth, including shrubs and small trees. Channel cleaning machines used for cleaning and restorative work on meliorative system channels are presented, along with their design features for cleaning channels of various types and cross-sections. Channel cleaners are described that operate as both periodic and continuous action machines, which most effectively and qualitatively clean the bottom and slopes of channels in various meliorative systems. The article also explains how the efficiency of channel cleaning and subsequent quality of the meliorative system can be increased by using different sets of channel cleaning machines, including various machines with different working tools, sizes, and quantities. The choice of the number of machines is directly related to technical and economic indicators: the use of a large number of machines may be economically impractical, while using a minimal number of machines will not provide the required cleaning. Therefore, it is important to choose the optimal number of machines of different sizes and shapes to form a separate set.