Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the cleaning capacity of Profile .04 files combined with different irrigating solutions in flattened root canals using histological, morphometrical and SEM analyses. Eighty human mandibular incisors were prepared with Profile .04 instruments and randomly divided into 4 groups according to the irrigating solutions used (n=20): G1: distilled water (control); G2: 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); G3: 1% NaOCl alternated with 17% EDTA, and G4: 1% NaOCl with RCPrep cream. Ten teeth of each group were evaluated with an optical microscope to determine the percentage of root canal debris. The remaining teeth were evaluated under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test (alpha=0.01).There was a significant difference (p<0.001) among the groups regarding the percentage of debris left in the canals (distilled water: 18.82 +/- 5.55; 1% NaOCl: 6.29 +/- 5.55; 1% NaOCl + 17% EDTA: 12.47 +/- 6.92; 1% NaOCl + RCPrep: 7.82 +/- 1.91). The SEM analysis showed the best results for 1% NaOCl + 17% EDTA on smear layer removal. It may be concluded that the combination of Profile .04 rotary instrumentation and the tested solutions was not able to totally remove debris and smear layer from flattened root canals.
Highlights
In endodontic practice, special emphasis is given to biomechanical preparation in order to obtained clean, well shaped and disinfected root canals
The deposit of dentinal debris resulting from biomechanical preparation contributes to the formation of an amorphous structure, which adheres to the root canal walls [1,2,3,6]
There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.001) among distilled water (Fig. 1B), 1% NaOCl (Fig. 1D) and 1% NaOCl + RCPrep (Fig. 2D), which presented a great amount of smear layer, whereas 1% NaOCl + 17% EDTA, showed dentin walls free of a smear layer and exposed a large number of tubules (Table 1) (Fig. 2B)
Summary
Special emphasis is given to biomechanical preparation in order to obtained clean, well shaped and disinfected root canals. The deposit of dentinal debris resulting from biomechanical preparation contributes to the formation of an amorphous structure (smear layer), which adheres to the root canal walls [1,2,3,6]. In this way, the use of an irrigating solution is essential for cleaning and removing the smear layer and debris from the root canals [5,8]. NaOCl solutions at different concentrations [9,16] are the most commonly used irrigants and accepted due to important physicochemical properties including clarification, organic tissue-solving capacity, saponification, Braz Dent J 20(4) 2009 transformation of amines into chloramines, deodorization, and antimicrobial action
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