Abstract
Abstract : In an attempt to eliminate nitrogen oxides (NOx's) from the combustion and pyrolysis products of solid propellants, an investigation into the use of 'De-NOx' agents was performed. The agents selected were all compounds that thermally decompose to generate amines; participation of amines in the thermal De-NOx process results in the reduction of nitrogen oxides to nitrogen. Of all the compounds screened, it was found that urea was the best suited for use as a De-N0x agent in solid gun propellants. Use of - resulted in a significant decrease in NOx production. Furthermore, urea is thermally stable up to a temperature of 130 deg C, and is compatible with nitrocellulose-based formulations. Compared to neat JA2 (a double-base propellant), a JA2/urea formulation containing 10 weight-percent urea generates 60% less NOx. Calculations indicate that the incorporation of 4% urea results in a 200 K decrease in flame temperature, and a decrease in impetus and velocity of approximately 4% and 2%, respectively.
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