Abstract
The recycling of waste lead-free solder and the tin refining process generates large quantities of silver-tin alloys, which have a very high potential for recovery but for which there is no clean and efficient means of recovery. This study examined the saturation vapour pressure, separation coefficients, prediction of the T-x(y) phase diagram of the silver-tin alloys, and condensation rate to explore the feasibility of using vacuum evaporation-multistage condensation as a method for separating silver-tin alloys. The results suggest that in the process of vacuum evaporation, both silver and tin will evaporate, and the evaporability of silver is slightly greater than that of tin. In the process of multistage condensation, tin condenses before silver. Furthermore, the vacuum evaporation-multistage condensation method was experimentally validated. The results suggest that the TF consists of crude silver, with a silver content of 98.17 wt% and a silver distribution rate of 43.60%. The MP consists of a silver-tin alloy with 7.87 wt% silver content and exhibits a silver distribution rate of 53.06%. The RE is crude tin containing 0.27 wt% of silver content and a silver distribution rate of 5.14%. The separation rate of Ag is 96.64%. This study provides a clean and efficient method that is instructive for the recovery of Ag-Sn alloys.
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