Abstract
In the sixteenth century, elite culture started to separate from popular culture and then to spread slowly among the common people. This phenomenon was inseparable from the rise of individualism and the emergence of a new conception of the body and the natural world. A native of Moulins and a Huguenot, Claude de Sainliens aka Claudius Hol(l)yband was a linguist and a pedagogue who settled in London around 1565. To a certain extent, he symbolised the rise of elite culture and the decline of popular culture on both sides of the Channel. Sainliens, who considered the body as enclosed, restrained and healthy, especially criticised the way the lower strata of society viewed food. Paradoxically, the Huguenot was also a great lover of wine who at times went as far as praising canivalesque excesses.
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