Abstract

The Internet Of Things has emerged, providing an umbrella for the increasing number of heterogeneous Smart Objects that are becoming part of our daily activities. In this scenario, classification approaches are useful to understand differences and identify opportunities of generalization and common solutions, especially when different disciplines are coming together and bringing their individual terms and concepts. We propose a novel model for classifying Smart Objects using capabilities. This five-level model, inspired in the Capability Maturity Models, aims to be simple and inclusive, separating objects with basic capabilities from those with complex ones. In addition, examples of objects for each level are provided as validation of the proposal. The model is useful to identify requirements that Smart Objects have to cover externally as they cannot themselves support them and thus it allows for clear understanding of the external support system (or Middleware) into which the smart object is embedded.

Highlights

  • The evident diversity of technologies, concepts and models forming the Smart Computing area, brings the challenge of bridging and fitting the achievements in multiple disciplines into a shared vision. Part of this vision includes the existence of a pervasive system where people, smart objects (SOs) and the environment interact dynamically and naturally through multiple global networks: The Internet of Things (IoT)

  • Heterogeneity comes from the origin of the IoT paradigm: it is a conjunction of multiple fields such as ubiquitous, mobile and social computing as well as networking and many others

  • We summarize the main findings in the following definition that we use as basis for the classification model: Definition 1: A smart object is a physical object with enhanced digital capabilities including, at least, identification, communication, retention and energy-harvesting

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Summary

INTRODUCTION

The evident diversity of technologies, concepts and models forming the Smart Computing area, brings the challenge of bridging and fitting the achievements in multiple disciplines into a shared vision. Part of this vision includes the existence of a pervasive system where people, smart objects (SOs) and the environment interact dynamically and naturally through multiple global networks: The Internet of Things (IoT). Heterogeneity comes from the origin of the IoT paradigm: it is a conjunction of multiple fields such as ubiquitous, mobile and social computing as well as networking and many others Each of these fields brings its own existing terminology, concepts and assumptions about the smart objects to the table.

SURVEY OF EXISTING WORK
Methodology
Terms for Smart Objects in the Literature
Classification Models
COMMON TERMINOLOGY AND OUR DEFINITION OF A SMART OBJECT
SMART OBJECT CAPABILITIES
Core Capabilities
Optional Capabilities
CLASSIFICATION MODEL
Capability Levels
Evolution through the Levels
Validation of the model
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS

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