Abstract
BackgroundInvoluntary cough is a classic symptom of many respiratory diseases. The act of coughing serves a variety of functions such as clearing the airways in response to respiratory irritants or aspiration of foreign materials. It has been pointed out that a cough results in substantial stresses on the body which makes voluntary cough a useful tool in physical diagnosis.MethodsIn the present study, fifty-two normal subjects and sixty subjects with either obstructive or restrictive lung disorders were asked to perform three individual voluntary coughs. The objective of the study was to evaluate if the airflow and sound characteristics of a voluntary cough could be used to distinguish between normal subjects and subjects with lung disease. This was done by extracting a variety of features from both the cough airflow and acoustic characteristics and then using a classifier that applied a reconstruction algorithm based on principal component analysis.ResultsResults showed that the proposed method for analyzing voluntary coughs was capable of achieving an overall classification performance of 94% and 97% for identifying abnormal lung physiology in female and male subjects, respectively. An ROC analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the cough parameter analysis methods were equal at 98% and 98% respectively, for the same groups of subjects.ConclusionA novel system for classifying coughs has been developed. This automated classification system is capable of accurately detecting abnormal lung function based on the combination of the airflow and acoustic properties of voluntary cough.
Highlights
Involuntary cough is a classic symptom of many respiratory diseases
Pulmonary physicians' diagnoses were used to determine if subjects had normal or abnormal lung function
Three voluntary coughs from each of these subjects were analyzed to determine if their cough airflow and acoustic characteristics could be used to establish if they had normal or abnormal lung function
Summary
Involuntary cough is a classic symptom of many respiratory diseases. There is a growing interest in using the characteristics of voluntary cough to detect and characterize lung disease [2,3]. A cough is normally initiated with an inspiration of a variable volume of air, followed by closure of the glottis, and contraction of the expiratory muscles that compresses the gas in the lungs. These events occur immediately before the sudden reopening of the glottis and rapid expulsion of air from the lungs. When flow limitation is reached during coughs that begin at the same lung volume, the airflow and acoustic properties are repeatable and unique for a given subject [6]
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