Abstract
Ventricular Septal Defects (VSDs) account for 30% to 60% of all congenital heart diseases in neonates. VSDs are one of the commonest abnormalities, affecting human heart and has been the focus of interest in several studies since years. Strong evidence regarding the involvement of genes in causing VSDs has been accumulated over the years. The classification based on genetics, including three types of VSDs; VSD1, VSD2 and VSD3, is the focus of this paper.
Highlights
Human heart develops after a complex series of events and pathways
Congenital cardiac malformations are clinically categorized into more than 18 different types; the most common among these is the Ventricular septal defect (VSD).VSDs account to 30% to 60% in neonates, suffering from congenital heart disease and are one of the primitive abnormalities, affecting the human heart.[2,3,4]
The classification based on number of VSDs in heart consists of two classes, single VSD and multiple VSDs.[4]
Summary
The events should run in a correct sequence, if there is any disturbance in the process, it will lead to a number of heart defects.[1] Congenital cardiac malformations are clinically categorized into more than 18 different types; the most common among these is the Ventricular septal defect (VSD).VSDs account to 30% to 60% in neonates, suffering from congenital heart disease and are one of the primitive abnormalities, affecting the human heart.[2,3,4] It has been extensively investigated in several studies since years. The rate of spontaneous closure vary depending upon different cases and studies but the range of closure is almost to 70%.11,
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