Classification of the Venous Route of Carotid Cavernous Sinus Fistula

Abstract

It is important to investigate the venous routes in and around the carotid cavernous sinus before endovascular interventional treatment to avoid complications such as glaucoma and central retinal vein thrombosis. This paper classifies the anatomical features of the cavernous sinus and its venous routes and discusses four successfully treated cases.