Abstract
Takifugu rubripes is more expensive than other species of the genus because of its high protein content and special flavor. However, it is easily confused with imported T. chinensis and T. pseudommus because they have similar morphological characteristics. We identified single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers of T. rubripes by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) and evaluated their ability to distinguish among T. rubripes, T. chinensis, and T. pseudommus. In all, 18 polymorphic SNPs were subjected to phylogenetic analyses of the three Takifugu species. Additionally, we subjected a second set of samples to Sanger sequencing to verify that the polymorphic SNPs could be used to evaluate the genetic variation among the three Takifugu species. A phylogenetic tree that included the analyzed sequence of set A, which is referred to as the reference sequence, and a validation sequence of set B with 18 SNPs were produced. Based on this phylogenetic tree and STRUCTURE analyses, T. rubripes, T. chinensis and T. pseudommus have low genetic variation and should be considered the same gene pool. Our findings suggest that further studies are needed to estimate the genetic association of the three Takifugu species.
Highlights
The family Tetraodontidae comprises 187 species of 28 genera, among which 33 species of 10 genera have been reported in the Republic of Korea (ROK) [1, 2]
We developed a new set of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) by GBS to evaluate the genetic variation among T. rubripes, T. chinensis, and T. pseudommus
Haplotype analyses demonstrated no variation in alleles among T. rubripes, T. chinensis, and T. pseudommus
Summary
The family Tetraodontidae comprises 187 species of 28 genera, among which 33 species of 10 genera have been reported in the Republic of Korea (ROK) [1, 2]. Puffer fish of the genus Takifugu (Tetraodonitiformes, Tetraodontidae) are distributed mainly in the Western Pacific Ocean. These are valuable fish species and about 2,200–3,800 tons are caught wild and over 8,000 tons are imported for consumption in the ROK annually [3]. Several Takifugu species are consumed in East Asia, T. rubripes is the most economically important due to its special flavor [4]. The domestic wild catch of T. rubripes has dramatically decreased due to overfishing, spawning ground destruction, and contamination. To meet demand, this species is imported from China, India, and Japan live or in a frozen, dry form
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