Abstract
Spaced cleavage formed by rock dissolution can represent major amounts of shortening parallel to bedding; much so-called fracture cleavage is of this origin. We classify the solution cleavage developed in Mesozoic pelagic limestones of the Umbrian Apennines into four intensity types ( weak, moderate, strong, very strong ) on the basis of qualitative attributes and mean spacing of cleavage surfaces. Shortening can be determined from imbricated chert beds and reaches 50% in rocks with very strong cleavage. In the Umbrian Apennines, solution cleavage is commonly associated with detachment thrusts. We describe an example in which the dissolution mechanism “damaged” the rock beneath a thrust by creating closely spaced discontinuities; fragments bounded by these discontinuities were torn up and incorporated in a nearly chaotic shear zone as the thrust sheet moved forward.
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