Abstract
The pathological skin phenotype caused by hyperglycemia is an important indicator for the progress of diabetes mellitus. An early detection of diabetes assures an early intervention to regulate the carbohydrate metabolism. In this publication a non-invasive detection principle based on the measurement of complex scattering parameters in the millimeter-wave frequency range is presented. The measurement principle provides evidence of the applicability for the identification of different glycemic states in animal models. The method proposed here can be used to predict diabetes status in animal models and is interesting for application on humans in view of safeness of millimeter-wave radiation. Furthermore the complex scattering parameters give important information about the anatomic varieties between the analyzed skin samples of the different mice strains. In contrast to other methods, our approach is less sensitive to skin variations between animals.
Highlights
In modern medicine diabetes mellitus is one of the most researched diseases because of its wide spread in society
In a previous publication[17] we have demonstrated that an in-vivo non-invasive measurement principle based on mm-wave spectroscopy through a skin fold of mice can distinguish between mice strains of different
We showed that a principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm can identify mice stems with different hyperglycemic states exploiting the amplitude of the transmission measurement through the skin
Summary
In modern medicine diabetes mellitus is one of the most researched diseases because of its wide spread in society. The complex scattering parameters do provide the opportunity to identify and differentiate the glycemic states without statistical methods, the calibrated data provide additional information about the thickness and the tissue properties of the measured skin samples and can be used to evaluate the skin structures responsible for the different responses for several strains. This is achieved at the expense of necessity of a calibration procedure, which is a standard task in all measurements employing millimeter-wave S-parameters
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