Classification of premolars sagittal root position and angulation for immediate implant placement: a cone beam computed tomography study

Abstract

Sagittal root position (SRP) and buccal plate thickness are important considerations in implant treatment planning. The objective of this study was to classify the relationship of the SRP and angulation to the osseous housing to assist treatment plan making for immediate implant placement in the premolar region. We classified the SRP and angulations of the maxillary and mandibular premolars and measured the buccal plate thickness of 150 patients using cone beam computed tomography to support clinical decision making. Regarding SRP types, 41.67%, 51.83%, 3.67%, and 2.83% of maxillary premolars and 84.33%, 15%, 0%, and 0.67% of mandibular premolars were classified as types B, M, L, and N, respectively. In terms of angulation, 20.83%, 46%, 32.17%, and 1% of maxillary premolars and 2%, 5.33%, 36.67%, and 56% of mandibular premolars were grouped into classes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The buccal bone thickness at most locations in premolar regions was <1 mm. The classification of SRP and angulation will assist in treatment plan making for immediate implant placement in the premolar region.