Abstract
Infrared image recognition technology can work day and night and has a long detection distance. However, the infrared objects have less prior information and external factors in the real-world environment easily interfere with them. Therefore, infrared object classification is a very challenging research area. Manifold learning can be used to improve the classification accuracy of infrared images in the manifold space. In this article, we propose a novel manifold learning algorithm for infrared object detection and classification. First, a manifold space is constructed with each pixel of the infrared object image as a dimension. Infrared images are represented as data points in this constructed manifold space. Next, we simulate the probability distribution information of infrared data points with the Gaussian distribution in the manifold space. Then, based on the Gaussian distribution information in the manifold space, the distribution characteristics of the data points of the infrared image in the low-dimensional space are derived. The proposed algorithm uses the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence to minimize the loss function between two symmetrical distributions, and finally completes the classification in the low-dimensional manifold space. The efficiency of the algorithm is validated on two public infrared image data sets. The experiments show that the proposed method has a 97.46% classification accuracy and competitive speed in regards to the analyzed data sets.
Highlights
Feature detection and matching are the basis of many image processing applications in the computer vision domain [1,2,3,4,5] and elsewhere [6]
Most of the infrared object classification methods on the manifold are developed under the concept of describing the relationship between points in the data point set in high-dimensional manifold space [36]
We have developed and implemented an infrared object classification method for infrared images with mainly static backgrounds, i.e., under the condition that there are few movements in the background
Summary
Feature detection and matching are the basis of many image processing applications in the computer vision domain [1,2,3,4,5] and elsewhere [6]. The infrared object classification method on the manifold takes advantage of one property of the manifold space, so that the manifold space can be regarded as a small piece of Euclidean space locally [35] It attempts to obtain the distribution information of the infrared object data point set in the entire manifold with all the low-dimensional local maps. Most of the infrared object classification methods on the manifold are developed under the concept of describing the relationship between points in the data point set in high-dimensional manifold space [36]. In order to further describe the distance relationship between the data points of the infrared object image on the manifold, the isometric feature mapping (ISOMAP) method [38] introduced the concept of geodesic distance.
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