Classification of Green Pitcher Plant (Sarracenia oreophila (Kearney) Wherry) Communities in the Little River Canyon National Preserve, Alabama

Abstract

Pitcher plant bogs of the Little River Canyon National Preserve in northern Alabama contain the federally endangered green pitcher plant (Sarracenia oreophila (Kearney) Wherry). Multivariate analysis of the bog vegetation and environmental variables revealed three communities with unique species compositions and soil characteristics. The significant soil characteristics were percent A-horizon sand and A-horizon depth. A blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.)-yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.)-azalea (Rhododendron canescens (Michx.) Sweet) type was found on sites bisected by ephemeral streams with a closed canopy. A scarlet oak (Quercus coccinea Muenchh.)-flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.)-sweet goldenrod (Solidago speciosa Nutt. var. erecta (Pursh) MacM.) type was found on upland sites close to the canyon rim and along perennial streams sites. A smooth yellow false foxglove (Aureolaria flava (L.) Farw.)-pale-spike lobelia (Lobelia spicata Lam.)-violet lespedeza (Lespedeza violacea (L.) Pers. type was found on relatively flat sites away from the canyon rim. The results can be used to locate potential sites for restoration of green pitcher plant bogs. Survival of the bogs is threatened by encroachment of over and midstory vegetation.