Abstract
In recent years, the field of deep learning has played an important role towards automatic detection and classification of diseases in vegetables and fruits. This in turn has helped in improving the quality and production of vegetables and fruits. Citrus fruits are well known for their taste and nutritional values. They are one of the natural and well known sources of vitamin C and planted worldwide. There are several diseases which severely affect the quality and yield of citrus fruits. In this paper, a new deep learning based technique is proposed for citrus disease classification. Two different pre-trained deep learning models have been used in this work. To increase the size of the citrus dataset used in this paper, image augmentation techniques are used. Moreover, to improve the visual quality of images, hybrid contrast stretching has been adopted. In addition, transfer learning is used to retrain the pre-trained models and the feature set is enriched by using feature fusion. The fused feature set is optimized using a meta-heuristic algorithm, the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). The selected features are used for the classification of six different diseases of citrus plants. The proposed technique attains a classification accuracy of 95.7% with superior results when compared with recent techniques.
Highlights
Food is a primary necessity of human kind and crops are the major contributor of food to meet the needs of world population
A classification accuracy of 77.1% is attained using the SVM-Q, the classifiers Linear Discriminant (LD) and Ensemble Subspace Discriminant (ESD) attained the accuracy of 74.1% and 75.6%, respectively
Different classifiers are used for classification, including LD, SVM Linear (SVM-L), SVM-Q, SVM-C, and ESD
Summary
Food is a primary necessity of human kind and crops are the major contributor of food to meet the needs of world population. The most common infections in citrus plants are Canker and Black spot Besides these diseases, Greening, Melanoses, Scab and Anthracnose affect the production of citrus. Citrus leaves prematurely fall and young plants die, affecting the yield of the crop field while in mild cases it causes fruit rot, which significantly reduces the shelf life of citrus fruits. Another citrus disease named Black spot is caused by fungi has been found harmful for citrus fruits. A small lump appears on leaves and fruit which later converts into a brownish spot
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