Classification and technical review of dc-ac inverters for use in photovoltaic power systems

Abstract

A classification system is presented for stand-alone and utility-interactive dc-to-ac inverters used in photovoltaic systems in the 1-to-100-kVA power range. Additional inverter topologies, noted during the classification process, are introduced. To provide background, generally used dc-to-ac inversion technology is reviewed. Relative merits and liabilities of available power devices are discussed and device protective techniques are reviewed. Maximum power point tracking can enhance system value in utility-interactive no-battery photovoltaic power systems. This general theory is reviewed and an improved implementation is described.