Classical order theory in the modern architectural educational process

Ekaterina Vozniak,Yuri Kurbatov,Vladimir Lisovsky

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202016405010

Abstract

The paper discusses the development of the theory of the classical orders of architecture in Russia in the XVIII – XIX centuries. The special significance of the works of professors of the Institute of Civil Engineers in the development of classical theory and in the education of outstanding architects is revealed. The problems and the need for teaching order theory for modern students are analyzed. The structure of the presentation of the most important concepts and techniques of classical architecture is indicated. A clear structuring of information will allow architects and restorers to freely operate a system of order architectural forms in the design.

Highlights

In the XVII – XIX centuries, the construction of buildings was carried out according to the laws of the classical order theory, which was studied in all architectural schools [1]
In the XVIII century, teaching the theory of classical architecture took from 6 to 10 years, at the end of the XIX century, a well-structured knowledge system already allowed mastering it in 1-2 years
The study began with a consideration of the simplest elements - profiles, of which architectural forms were composed

Summary

Introduction

In the XVII – XIX centuries, the construction of buildings was carried out according to the laws of the classical order theory, which was studied in all architectural schools [1]. Classical theory has created a fairly strict and interconnected concept of the rules for constructing all the architectural details that make up the facade of the building. There were strict rules for drawing columns, and a whole system for constructing the facade and its individual parts. Future architects learned these rules on the school bench, which did not negate the possibility of changing and searching for options for architectural details in further creative activity. Architects could freely find their way around the variety of architectural details of various styles, were able to create numerous author's variations of forms and compositionally correctly place elements on the facade and in the interior

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