Abstract
which we were able to carry out for quantum dots containing a small number of electrons [2]. In Eq. (1), energies are measured in units hω0 and coordinates in l0 = √ h/m∗ω0, with ω0 being the confinement frequency. The magnetic field is expressed in Φ0/2πl 0 (Φ0 = hc/e). The exact numerical work provides a complete piece of information about the system (the many-body wave function) in terms of numbers but will not arrive at any analytical relations. An alternative route to proceed is by developing simpler analytical approaches based on guessed or known basic ingredients of the physical problem or a visualizing idea [2, 3]. It is known, for example, that in the presence of a strong electron–electron interaction (which is further enhanced by the application of a strong magnetic field), the electrons in the quantum dots tend to crystallize into Wigner molecules [4] which for 2÷ 5 electrons in a parabolic confinement consists of a single ring with
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