Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a low-grade vascular neoplasm caused by proliferation of lymphatic endothelium associated with human herpes-8 (HHV-8) infection. An 81-year-old male presented with 1-year history of multiple brownish papular lesions on lower limbs. He gave no history of high risk behaviour or treatment with immunosuppressants. Cutaneous examination revealed bluish-black discrete papules, small nodules and non-pitting edema on lower limbs, and large ulcerative plaques on left foot. Mucous membranes, lymph nodes and systemic examination were normal. Histopathological examination of the papular lesions showed spindle cell proliferation and vascular slits with extravasated red blood cells. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serology was negative. However, total lymphocyte and absolute CD4+ T lymphocytes counts were reduced. We report this case of Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) because of it’s rarity in India as well as being the first report from Northeast India, indicating wide ethnic and geographical distribution of this condition.
Highlights
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a low-grade vascular neoplasm caused by proliferation of lymphatic endothelium associated with infection of endothelial cells by human herpes-8 (HHV-8)
Since 1979, KS was found to be increasingly common in immunosuppressed individuals such as organ transplant recipients or patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). 1 Four clinical variants have been described for the disease, differing in natural history, site of predilection, and prognosis
Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is a rare and slow growing variant commonly seen in elderly Eastern European and Mediterranean population which presents with reddishbrown papules and nodules on the lower limbs
Summary
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a low-grade vascular neoplasm caused by proliferation of lymphatic endothelium associated with infection of endothelial cells by human herpes-8 (HHV-8). Since 1979, KS was found to be increasingly common in immunosuppressed individuals such as organ transplant recipients or patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Four clinical variants have been described for the disease, differing in natural history, site of predilection, and prognosis. Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is a rare and slow growing variant commonly seen in elderly Eastern European and Mediterranean population which presents with reddishbrown papules and nodules on the lower limbs. We report a case of CKS in an 81-year-old HIV-negative male with predominant involvement of lower extremities and profound lymphedema Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is a rare and slow growing variant commonly seen in elderly Eastern European and Mediterranean population which presents with reddishbrown papules and nodules on the lower limbs. 2 We report a case of CKS in an 81-year-old HIV-negative male with predominant involvement of lower extremities and profound lymphedema
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