Classic Chinese Acupuncture versus Different Types of Control Groups for the Treatment of Chronic Pain: Review of Randomized Controlled Trials (2000-2018).

Yan-Jiao Chen,Gabriel Shimizu Bassi,Yong-Qing Yang

doi:10.1155/2019/6283912

Abstract

Objective To review the effectiveness of classic Chinese acupuncture in the treatment of chronic pain by comparing treatment groups with different types of control groups in accordance with the newly published guidelines for systematic reviews. Methods We searched EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from 2000 to 2018. We included randomized controlled trials that included acupuncture as the sole treatment or as an adjunctive treatment for chronic pain. The outcome was pain intensity measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain subscale, 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS), and other tools. Two researchers conducted the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment processes independently. Disagreements were solved by discussion and reanalysis of the data. The quality of all included studies was evaluated using the CBNG (the Cochrane Back and Neck Group) and the STRICTA (Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture) checklists. Results Sixty-one studies were fully analyzed and ranked based on the newest STRICTA and CBNG standards. We found good evidence that receiving acupuncture is better than not receiving treatment or being placed on a waiting list and reasonable evidence that it is better than conventional or usual care. Limited evidence was found regarding placebo treatments that involve the expectation of needling (real or fake). Conclusion Sham acupuncture may not be appropriate as a control intervention for assessing the effectiveness of acupuncture. Acupuncture effectiveness in controlling chronic pain is still limited due to the low quality of the studies published.

Highlights

At least one-third of the world’s adult population experiences some types of physical pain conditions [1]
One trial showed a significant reduction in the Symptom Bothersomeness Score (SBS) (0–10) score after 7 weeks of acupuncture treatment and at 8, 26, and 56-week follow-ups compared to usual care [51]
In the present review, based on the data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we evaluated the effectiveness of classical acupuncture versus different types of control interventions in the treatment of chronic pain

Summary

Introduction

At least one-third of the world’s adult population experiences some types of physical pain conditions [1]. CP has a direct impact on daily life activities [5, 6], mental health [5, 7], employment [5, 8], and economic well-being [6], and it is one of the most common compelling reasons that adults seek medical attention [9]. Clinical studies have showed that acupuncture therapy can improve CP-related conditions, such as neck and shoulder pain [12,13,14], osteoarthritis (OA) [15, 16], and knee [17] and low back pain (LBP) [18]. Other studies have indicated that acupuncture therapy is ineffective [19, 20], and systematic reviews have reported inconclusive results [21,22,23]. ese efficacy evaluations were performed by comparing an acupuncture treatment group with different control groups, which were not differentiated

Methods

Results

Conclusion