Abstract
In this research, the temporal trends of vegetation from 2000 to 2019 as well as meteorological variables contribution to vegetation change were investigated using the GLAM NDVI, rainfall and temperature data. The MAKESENS revealed that the vegetation growth rate was slow, particularly on a yearly time scale. On the other hand, the rainfall and temperature had a major impact on vegetation growth on a monthly-time scale with a time lag. The lagged effect of rainfall and temperature on vegetation was shown to be a promotion (based on cross-correlation analysis). There was high value of r (0.804) between vegetation and rainfall for a certain lag period, which was significant (P ≤ 0.05) as per the cross-correlation. Rainfall had a 4-month lag effect on vegetation development, while temperature had a 5 (r = 0.74), - 2 (r = 0.84), - 3 (r = 0.68) month lag effect on vegetation growth. This study's findings revealed changes in vegetation and highlighted the importance of rainfall and temperature in regulating vegetation dynamics. Finally, this study recommended that the effect of more climatic variables on vegetation should be investigated in the context of human activities to better conserve the environment.
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