Claims Variability in Charges and Payments for Common Open and Endovascular Procedures

Abstract

Cost-effectiveness in healthcare is being increasingly scrutinized. Data regarding claims variability for vascular operations are lacking. Herein, we aim to describe variability in charges and payments for aortoiliac (AI) and infrainguinal (II) revascularizations. We analyzed 2012-2014 claims data from a statewide claims database for procedures grouped by Current Procedural Terminology codes into II-open (II-O), II-endovascular (II-E), AI-open (AI-O), and AI-endovascular interventions (AI-E). We compared charges and payments in urban (≥50,000 people, UAs) versus rural areas (<50,000 people, RAs). Amounts are reported in $US as median with interquartile range. Cost-to-charge ratios (CCRs) as a measure of reimbursement were calculated as the percentage of the charges covered by the payments. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were performed to determine significant differences. A total of 5,239 persons had complete claims data. There were 7,239 UA and 6,891 RA claims, and 1,057 AI claims (AI-E=879, AI-O=178) and 4,182 II claims (II-E=3,012, II-0=1,170). Median charges were $5,357 for AI [$1,846-$27,107] and $2,955 for II [$1,484-$9,338.5] (P<0.0001). Median plan payment was $454 for AI [$0-$1,380] and $454 for II [$54-$1,060] (P=0.67). For AI and II, charges were significantly higher for UA than RA (AI: UA $9,875 [$2,489-$34,427], RA $3,732 [$1,450-$20,595], P<0.0001; II: UA $3,596 [$1,700-$21,664], RA $2,534 [$1,298-$6,169], P<0.0001). AI-E charges were higher than AI-O (AI-E $7,960 [$1,699-$32,507], AI-O $4,774 [$2,636-$7,147], P<0.0001), but AI-O payments were higher (AI-E $424 [$0-$1,270], AI-O $869 [$164-$1,435], P=0.0067). II-E charges were higher (II-E $2,994 [$1,552-$22,164], II-O $2,873 [$1,108-$5,345], P<0.0001), but II-O payments were higher (II-E $427 [$50-$907], II-O $596 [$73-$1,299], P<0.0001). CCRs were highest for II operations and UAs. Wide variability in claim charges and payments exists for vascular operations. AI procedures had higher charges than II, without any difference in payments. UA charged more than RA for both AI and II operations, but RA had higher payments and CCRs. Endovascular procedures had higher charges, while open procedures had higher payments. Charge differences may be related to endovascular device costs, and further research is necessary to determine the reasons behind consistent claims variability between UA and RA.