Abstract
This article summarizes historical and cultural influences on the development of voluntary action in the Arab region. The role of religion is highlighted. Also discussed are demo-graphic, economic, and political factors that have influenced the development of volunteer and civic service programs in the region. Although systematic information and research are limited, civic service program examples are detailed. These examples include religiously based service programs, service-learning programs at the university level, and local programs. Official civic service initiatives and national policies are not specified or widespread, but program developments may have the potential to develop into such policies. More research is recommended regarding the role of the state and civil society in the development of civic service programs and the role of civic service in social and economic development.
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