Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop a fast data fusion method for recognizing metro-to-bus transfer trips based on combined data from smart cards and a GPS system. The method is intended to establish station- and time-specific elapsed time thresholds for overcoming the limitations of one-size-fits-all criterion which is not sufficiently convincing for different transfer pairs and personal characteristics. Firstly, a data fusion method with bus smart card data and GPS data is proposed to supplement absent bus boarding information in the smart card data. Then, a model for identifying metro-to-bus interchange trips is derived based on two rules about maximal allowable transfer distance and elapsed transfer time threshold. Finally, in tests that used half-monthly field smart card data and GPS data from Shenzhen, China, the results recognized by the proposed method were more consistent with the actual surveyed group transfer time with a P value of 0.17 determined by Mann–Whitney U test. The comparison analysis showed that the proposed method can be widely applied to successfully identify and interpret metro-to-bus interchange behavior beyond a static transfer time threshold of 30 min.
Highlights
Transfers have always been a hot topic in the field of public transport planning [1,2], because these activities are considered to be inevitable in today’s public transportation systems around the world.Urban metro or subway systems, one of highest capacity traffic modes in mass rapid transit (MRT), can provide a reliable, fast, and affordable service for medium–long distance travelers
The paper is organized as follows: the section reviews the relevant literature on metro–bus transfers; the third section provides a detailed description of stations city card will (SC) data and global positioning systems (GPS) data in the city of Shenzhen, China; the fourth section develops a new method of extracting the station-specific elapsed time thresholds based on spatial-temporal rules, and identifies the metro-to-bus interchange trips
Metro-to-bus interchange trip recognition is available when the transfer distance and time of a trip. Convenient crossing facilities such as pedestrian overpasses and underground subways are crucial meet two spatial-temporal criteria developed by this study
Summary
Transfers have always been a hot topic in the field of public transport planning [1,2], because these activities are considered to be inevitable in today’s public transportation systems around the world. With the rapid development of information technology and electronic payments, smart cards and global positioning systems (GPS) have been widely applied in public transportation The former can record passengers’ boarding/alighting information when taking metro or ground-level bus vehicles, and the latter can collect bus trajectories. Estimate the missing boarding stations for each ground-level bus passenger by integrating bus SC and GPS data, where the system only records the boarding time; Develop a new method with station-specific elapsed time threshold estimation to extract actual metro-to-bus interchange trips; and. The paper is organized as follows: the section reviews the relevant literature on metro–bus transfers; the third section provides a detailed description of SC data and GPS data in the city of Shenzhen, China; the fourth section develops a new method of extracting the station-specific elapsed time thresholds based on spatial-temporal rules, and identifies the metro-to-bus interchange trips.
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