Citrullus lanatus germplasm of southern Africa.

Abstract

Citrullus lanatus germplasm from southern Africa is a rich source of diversity for cultivated watermelon. Wild, feral, and landrace populations of the species are found throughout the arid regions of southern Africa, where they serve as sources of water and food for humans and wildlife alike. Genetic resources from the region proved to be important sources of disease resistance for cultivated watermelon, contributing to the development of both Fusarium wilt- and anthracnose-resistant cultivars. Basic research, such as genomic mapping and the elucidation of drought tolerance, have also benefitted from the abundant genetic diversity. Currently, several ex situ collections in the region and the rest of the world house accessions originating from southern Africa. The USDA germplasm collection has been screened extensively for traits of interest in watermelon breeding, but full advantage has not been taken of some of the other collections. The C. lanatus germplasm from southern Africa is currently a largely un...