Abstract
Sequestration of harmful proteases as human neutrophil elastase (HNE) from the chronic wound environment is an important goal of wound dressing design and function. Monosaccharides attached to cellulose conjugates as ester-appended aldohexoses and ketohexoses were prepared on cotton gauze as monosccharide-citrate-cellulose-esters for HNE sequestration. The monosaccharide-cellulose analogs demonstrated selective binding when the derivatized cotton dressings were measured for sequestration of HNE. Each monosaccharide-cellulose conjugate was prepared as a cellulose citrate-linked monosaccharide ester on the cotton wound dressing, and assayed under wound exudate-mimicked conditions for elastase sequestration activity. A series of three aldohexose and four ketohexose ester cellulose conjugates were prepared on cotton gauze through citric acid-cellulose cross linking esterification. The monosaccharide portion of the conjugate was characterized by hydrolysis of the citrate-monosaccharide ester bond, and subsequent analysis of the free monosaccharide with high performance anion exchange chromatography. The ketohexose and aldohexose conjugate levels on cotton were quantified on cotton using chromatography and found to be present in milligram/gram amounts. The citrate-cellulose ester bonds were characterized with FTIR. Ketohexose-citrate-cellulose conjugates sequestered more elastase activity than aldohexose-citrate-cellulose conjugates. The monosaccharide cellulose conjugate families each gave distinctive profiles in elastase-lowering effects. Possible mechanisms of elastase binding to the monosaccharide-cellulose conjugates are discussed.
Highlights
Carbohydrate-based wound dressings have received increased attention in recent years for their occlusive [1,2,3,4] and functionally interactive properties [5,6]
The clinician has a plethora of occlusive dressings to choose from, which maintain a moist wound healing environment, a recent systematic review reported that all modern dressings had the same efficacy in healing as saline or paraffin gauze [26]
In this study the citrate aldohexose and ketohexose conjugates of cellulose were characterized through base hydrolysis of the monosaccharide ester linked to cellulose followed by HPAE-PAD analysis of the hydrolysis products
Summary
Carbohydrate-based wound dressings have received increased attention in recent years for their occlusive [1,2,3,4] and functionally interactive properties [5,6]. Demonstrated properties that provide interactive wound healing as polysaccharide-based fibers [10] are cellulose and cellulose composites [11,12,13], xerogels [14,15], charcoal cloth [16,17], alginates [18,19,20], chitosan [21,22,23] and hydrogels [24,25] These dressings afford properties of absorbency, ease of application and removal, bacterial and odor protection, fluid balance, occlusion, and elasticity. We compare here the preparation and activities of two series of aldo- and keto- hexose citrate-cellulose conjugates
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