Abstract
While urbanists may see the future city melting into flows of information or erupting into conflicts among ever more divided populations, concrete and longstanding attachments of people and places have nonetheless continually reconstituted urban societies over millennia and may also illuminate our analyses of the future. While recognizing transnational movements, dual cities and urban sprawl, we must also ask who still lives in cities, why, and what these citizens may try to do about their own futures. Here, citizenship proves an intriguing category for understanding cities and predicting their future. To explore this phenomenon, this paper evaluates strategies by which three diverse metropolitan centers—Hong Kong, Philadelphia and Barcelona —already have created their groundwork for future civic participation and the future city. [Urban, citizenship, Hong Kong, Philadelphia, Barcelona]
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