Abstract
Within and beside PD lies the growing citizen diplomacy sector. Increasing education levels and internet access along with pressing global problems have spurred more connections and collaborations among ordinary citizens in different countries. Acting as individuals or through organizations, citizen diplomats build the web of human connections that provide the context for negotiations of all kinds. Some citizen diplomacy initiatives are government funded. Many are not. Tracking this growing citizen diplomacy sector is vital to understanding the cutting edges of globalization, democracy, civil society, and global citizenship. As citizen diplomacy practitioner-leaders engaged in the Public Diplomacy Council of America and its partner, Learning Life's Citizen Diplomacy International (CDI), in this chapter we first offer a conceptual framework for studying citizen diplomacy. This includes defining it in relation to PD and identifying key categories of citizen diplomacy activity. Based on our own experience, a review of the literature, plus interviews with twenty-three citizen diplomacy scholars and practitioners worldwide, we identify questions and patterns in the research, and advocate for three priorities to advance both inquiry and practice in citizen diplomacy.
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