Abstract
Extract The purpose of the citations in this book is to allow readers to easily find the passages referenced in the original Chinese texts. Hence in choosing citation formats, I have tried make it as convenient as possible for readers to identify the original passages. Three of the sources—the Confucian Analects, Lǚ’s Annals, and Mencius (Mèngzǐ)—are traditionally divided into sections with a standard numbering system, enabling readers to quickly find cited passages in any edition. For the Zhuāngzǐ and Xúnzǐ, I cite chapter and line numbers in the Harvard-Yenching concordance texts, using these analogously to how Bekker and Stephanus numbers are used to cite the works of Aristotle or Plato. The rationale for this practice is not that the Harvard-Yenching concordances present authoritative editions of the texts but that they provide a compact line numbering system by which to find cited passages. Similarly, I use ICS concordance page and line numbers to cite the Guǎnzǐ, Hánfēizǐ, Shāngjūn Shū, and Shènzǐ. For some texts, the Harvard-Yenching and ICS numbering systems are searchable through the online concordance search tools at the Chinese Text Project, edited by Donald Sturgeon (https://ctext.org/tools/concordance). Texts for which concordance search tools are available have a reference search function on the home page (see below).
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