Cisto ciliado hepático: Revisão de Literatura

Abstract

Ciliated hepatic foregut cyst (CHFC) is a rare cystic liver disease that predominantly affects adult men and is usually asymptomatic. From embryonic of the foregut origin, CHFC presents the average size of 3.6 cm and they are well defined, are unilocular and are located in the medial segment of the left hepatic lobe. Diagnosis is based on incidental finding in radiological examinations which are with hypoechoic images on ultrasound, hypo or isoattenuating on computer tomography and hyperintense on T2 ponderation on MRI. Definitive diagnosis is given with the histological study evidencing the four layers typical of the cyst wall. The monitoring is important because of the possibility of malignant transformation in about 5% of cases. This theme has relevance due to the increase in incidence, difficulty of diagnosis, complications and the lack of knowledge of the scientific community. The purpose of this literature review is to demonstrate the importance of the diagnosis, the clinical-diagnostic features and suspicion of the frame. A review was made on the period from March 2014 to July 2015. The descriptors used were: "ciliated hepatic foregut cyst"; "diagnosis of ciliated hepatic foregut cyst" and "image of ciliated hepatic foregut cyst". We emphasize the importance of CHCH as a differential diagnosis for cystic lesions of the liver, given its importance for symptomatic patients with lesions and to patients that are asymptomatic, due of the risk of malignancy described in the literature. The complementary propaedeutic is indispensable to elucidate the diagnosis, being essential the histopathological study.