Cistitis enfisematosa. Valor de las pruebas de imagen

Abstract

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare complication of urinary tract infection, characterized by spontaneous gas presentation in the urinary bladder due to bacterial fermentation. Approximately 50 to 80% of patients with this disease are diabetic, and there is a higher incidence in females. This clinical entity is associated with urinary retention too, like neurogenic bladder dysfunction or outlet obstruction. Clinical and physical findings are not specific in emphysematous cystitis, and the diagnosis is usually first suspected by radiologic exams –conventional radiography, US or CT. The finds in each one of them will be commented. The CT is both highly sensitive and specific examination, that allows early detection of intramural or intraluminal urinary bladder gas. It is also useful in evaluating other causes of urinary bladder or pelvis abnormal gas, and possible complications. An early diagnosis is the key for a correct management of this pathology.