Cissus Quadrangularis enhances UCP1 mRNA, indicative of white adipocyte browning and decreases central obesity in humans in a randomized trial

Saimai Chatree,Pailin Maikaew,Rungnapa Sririwichitchai,Kitchaya Pongwattanapakin,Chantacha Sitticharoon,Malika Churintaraphan,Sompol Tapechum,Issarawan Keadkraichaiwat,Chanakarn Sripong

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81606-9

Saimai Chatree, Pailin Maikaew + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81606-9

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Journal: Scientific Reports	Publication Date: Jan 21, 2021
Citations: 10	License type: open-access

Affiliation: Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University

Abstract

Obesity is associated with the growth and expansion of adipocytes which could be decreased via several mechanisms. Cissus Quadrangularis (CQ) extract has been shown to reduce obesity in humans; however, its effect on human white adipocytes (hWA) has not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CQ on obesity, lipolysis, and browning of hWA. CQ treatment in obese humans significantly decreased waist circumference at week 4 and week 8 when compared with the baseline values (p < 0.05 all) and significantly decreased hip circumference at week 8 when compared with the baseline and week 4 values (p < 0.05 all). Serum leptin levels of the CQ-treated group were significantly higher at week 8 compared to baseline levels (p < 0.05). In hWA, glycerol release was reduced in the CQ-treated group when compared with the vehicle-treated group. In the browning experiment, pioglitazone, the PPAR-γ agonist, increased UCP1 mRNA when compared to vehicle (p < 0.01). Interestingly, 10, 100, and 1000 ng/ml CQ extract treatment on hWA significantly enhanced UCP1 expression in a dose-dependent manner when compared to pioglitazone treatment (p < 0.001 all). In conclusion, CQ decreased waist and hip circumferences in obese humans and enhanced UCP1 mRNA in hWA suggestive of its action via browning of hWA.

Highlights

Obesity, a state of excessive fat accumulation leading to weight g ain[1], causes many adverse health consequences including diabetes mellitus2, hypertension[3], and cardiovascular diseases[4] and was reported to be raised globally between 1980 and 2 0155
We found that 300 mg of Cissus Quadrangularis (CQ) supplement twice a day (600 mg per day) in obese subjects did not reduce body fat mass or fat percentage which was in accordance with a previous s tudy[22]
Our results were inconsistent with the previous study showing that treatment of 150 mg CQ extract twice a day (CQR-300) in overweight and obese subjects (BMI > 26 kg/m2) significantly decreased body weight after 4 and 8 weeks of t reatment[22]

Summary

Introduction

A state of excessive fat accumulation leading to weight g ain[1], causes many adverse health consequences including diabetes mellitus2, hypertension[3], and cardiovascular diseases[4] and was reported to be raised globally between 1980 and 2 0155. The decrease in adiposity is revealed via several mechanisms including the reductions in preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation, the increases in adipocyte lipolysis and a poptosis[7,8], and induction of browning of white adipocytes leading to increased t hermogenesis[9]. Another study in Cameroonian subjects showed that administration of 300 mg daily of a proprietary extract of CQR-300 for 6 weeks with a 2100 kcal/day diet resulted in reduced total cholesterol and triglycerides in obese and overweight humans when compared to baseline values[23]. This study aimed to 1) study the effects of CQ extract on obesity reduction and the improvement of metabolic parameters in obese human subjects, 2) investigate the effect of CQ extract on human adipocyte lipolysis, and 3) investigate the effect of CQ extract on browning of human white adipocytes

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