Abstract
This review presents the physical and chemical structure of circumstellar envelopes (CSEs) around stars on, and beyond, the asymptotic giant branch (AGB). It focusses on information that is relevant to the interpretation of the molecular line emission from these envelopes. The mass loss rate estimate from CO radio line emission is briefly discussed. It continues with an overview of the morphology and kinematics of AGB and post-AGB CSEs, based on the observational evidence obtained from molecular line emission. Also the small-scale structure of the circumstellar medium is discussed. Finally, a possible scenario for the puzzling, drastic change (at least apparently) from largely spherical AGB-CSEs to the prominent equatorial density enhancements that dominate in CSEs around late post-AGB objects, e.g., planetary nebulae (PNe), is put forward.
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