Abstract
MicroRNA-196a (miRNA-196a) is associated with the development of gastric cancer and metastasis. Intestinal metaplasia and low- or high-grade dysplasia are considered to be precursors of intestinal type gastric cancer. Accordingly, we investigated the expression of plasma miRNA-196a as an early detection biomarker in precancerous gastric lesions and early cancer (pT1a/b), which is otherwise treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection. Our data showed that levels of circulating (plasma) miRNA-196a were higher in patients with precancerous lesions/early gastric adenocarcinoma than in healthy controls. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for healthy controls vs. intestinal metaplasia was 0.9736; healthy controls vs. low-grade/high-grade dysplasia 0.9495; and healthy controls vs. early gastric cancer 0.9318. These results indicate that circulating miRNA-196a is a novel biomarker for detection of early gastric cancer and its precursor.
Highlights
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a devastating disease, in the advanced stage, due to the lack of biomarkers for early detection [1,2,3]
To verify circulating miRNA-196a expression as a biomarker of precancer and early gastric cancer, we recruited patients with intestinal metaplasia (n = 26), low/ high-grade dysplasia (n = 13) and early gastric cancer (n = 11) who had undergone gastroscopic biopsies with pathological proof; while another 32 healthy volunteers served as controls
It was found that expression of circulating miRNA-196a is lower in healthy control compared with all stages of pre-cancer (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001) and early cancer (p < 0.01); whereas there was no difference among precancers and early gastric cancer (p > 0.05)
Summary
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a devastating disease, in the advanced stage, due to the lack of biomarkers for early detection [1,2,3]. Gastric cancer (GC) is histologically divided into two major types according to the Lauren classification: intestinal and diffuse. The former arises from atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) [5,6,7,8]. Early detection of GC may be achieved using an annual surveillance program if patients meet at least one of the following criteria: (1) IM extension > 20%; (2) presence of incomplete type IM; (3) first-degree relative with gastric cancer; or (4) smokers [9]
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